As with other countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, Costa Rica is highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, even though it contributed less than 0.05% of global greenhouse gas emissions in 2019. The country has developed national vision of transforming its economy to net zero emissions by 2050 and an ambitious decarbonisation plan with sectoral break-downs including for the transport and buildings sectors. To meet Costa Rica’s decarbonisation target, there is a need for the national government as well as local municipalities to step up their actions. This is because that scaling up the use of clean energy and improving energy efficiency at both the national and local levels are key in realising the shared decarbonisation objective. This would particularly require support from local governments in implementation when it involves urban planning interplaying with energy use at the local levels. Over the past years, municipalities have been undertaking efforts to improve the sustainability of their jurisdictions, to which decarbonisation actions are well in aligned with this endeavor.