Strategic Studies Institute, 2011. — 72 p. Power is one of the more contestable concepts in political theory. In recent decades, scholars and commentators have chosen to distinguish between two kinds of power, hard and soft. The former is achieved through military threat or use, and by means of economic menace or reward. The latter is the ability to have influence by co-opting others to share some of one’s values and, as a consequence, to share some key elements on one’s agenda for international order and security. Whereas hard power obliges its addressees to consider their interests in terms mainly of calculable costs and benefits, soft power works through the persuasive potency of ideas that foreigners find attractive. It is highly desirable if much of the world external to America wants, or can be brought to want, a great deal of what America happens to favor also. Coalitions of the genuinely willing have to be vastly superior to the alternatives.

战略研究所，2011年。- 72页。权力是政治理论中比较有争议的概念之一。近几十年来，学者和评论家们选择将权力区分为两种，即硬权力和软权力。前者是通过军事威胁或使用，以及经济威胁或奖励的手段来实现。后者是指通过拉拢他人分享自己的某些价值观，并因此分享自己的国际秩序和安全议程上的某些关键因素而产生影响的能力。硬实力迫使其对象主要从可计算的成本和收益方面考虑其利益，而软实力则通过外国人认为有吸引力的思想的说服力发挥作用。如果美国以外的世界大部分地区都想要，或者可以被带去想要大量美国恰好也喜欢的东西，那就非常理想了。真正有意愿的人组成的联盟必须大大优于其他选择。