Stoicism is two things: a long past philosophical school of ancient Greece and Rome, and an enduring philosophical movement that still inspires people in the twenty-first century to re-think and re-organize their lives in order to achieve personal satisfaction. What is the connection between them?

This Very Short Introduction provides an introductory account of Stoic philosophy, and tells the story of how ancient Stoicism survived and evolved into the movement we see today. Exploring the roots of the school in the philosophy of fourth century BCE Greece, Brad Inwood examines its basic history and doctrines and its relationship to the thought of Plato, Aristotle and his successors, and the Epicureans. Sketching the history of the school's reception in the western tradition, he argues that, despite the differences between ancient and contemporary Stoics, there is a common core of philosophical insight that unites the modern version not just to Seneca, Epictetus, and Marcus Aurelius but also to the school's original founders, Zeno, Cleanthes, and Chrysippus. Inwood concludes by considering the place of Stoicism in modern life.

斯多葛主义是两件事：一个是过去很久的古希腊和罗马的哲学流派，另一个是一个持久的哲学运动，在二十一世纪仍然激励着人们重新思考和重新组织他们的生活，以实现个人的满足。它们之间有什么联系？

这本《非常简短的介绍》对斯多葛哲学进行了介绍，并讲述了古代斯多葛主义如何生存并演变为我们今天看到的运动的故事。布拉德-英伍德探讨了该学派在公元前四世纪希腊哲学中的根源，研究了它的基本历史和学说，以及它与柏拉图、亚里士多德及其继承者和伊壁鸠鲁派思想的关系。他概述了该学派在西方传统中的接受历史，认为尽管古代和当代斯多葛派之间存在差异，但有一个共同的哲学洞察力核心，它不仅将现代版本与塞内加、伊壁鸠鲁和马库斯-奥勒留联系在一起，而且还与该学派的原始创始人芝诺、克利安特斯和克里西普斯联系在一起。英伍德最后考虑了斯多葛主义在现代生活中的地位。