This report quantifies the gross value added, employment and tax contributions the music sector made to the economies of the 27 Member States of the European Union (EU27) and the UK in 2018.1 This is an important task because the music sector, as with other creative industries, is poorly captured by national statistical agencies’ data. So this report should help to better inform firms within the sector, policymakers, and other stakeholders as to the music sector’s economic importance both in absolute terms and relative to other industries. For the purposes of this study, the ‘music sector’ is defined as encompassing the following entities and segments, in accordance with the WIPO Guide2 methodology: record companies; music publishers; recording studios; authors; performers; artist management; collective management organisations; music radio; music

television; digital music services; physical music retail; live music event production; concert venues; manufacturing and retailing of musical  instruments and music equipment; music merchandising; and music teachers.