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IMF-针对欧洲家庭的有针对性、可实施和实用的能源救济措施(英)-2022.12

# 家庭 # 欧洲 # 能源 大小:0.72M | 页数:24 | 上架时间:2022-12-28 | 语言:英文

IMF-针对欧洲家庭的有针对性、可实施和实用的能源救济措施(英)-2022.12.pdf

IMF-针对欧洲家庭的有针对性、可实施和实用的能源救济措施(英)-2022.12.pdf

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类型: 专题

上传者: wpxc666666

撰写机构: IMF

出版日期: 2022-12-28

摘要:

The recommended way of helping households during the ongoing European energy crisis is to allow price signals to operate freely while providing targeted compensation to the vulnerable. In practice, however, institutional, political, and technical constraints have led many European governments to adopt broad, price-suppressing measures, which impede the adjustment in demand, have high fiscal costs, and widen cross-country gaps in prices. This paper focuses on easy-to-implement, second-best policies. Bonuses or rebates on energy bills (that are not linked to the current volume of consumption) or block tariffs are simple options which would improve on the current policy design in many countries. To avoid stoking inflation, fiscal policy should not add to aggregate demand, so relief for energy bills should be targeted and coupled with offsetting fiscal measures. One option is to reclaim the relief from the better-off through income taxation, which would also make support more progressive.

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