.This document has been prepared by Pablo Chauvet and Azhar Jaimurzina from the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and Taotao Chen, Run Xu and Ying Jin, of the School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, China. The authors appreciate the substantive contributions made by Fabio Weikert Bicalho and the work of the Infrastructure Services Unit of ECLAC under the general supervision of Ricardo J. Sánchez, Senior Economic Affairs Officer of the International Trade and Integration Division of ECLAC. The views expressed in this document, which has been reproduced without formal editing, are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Organization