美国国防部-与美国2020年军事行动有关的平民伤亡年度报告(英)-2021.6.PDF
This report is submitted pursuant to Section 1057 of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year (FY) 2018 (Public Law 115-91), as amended.
This report primarily provides information about U.S. military operations in 2020 that were assessed to have resulted in civilian casualties. This report also contains updates to information the Department of Defense (DoD) provided in the reports submitted to Congress in prior years pursuant to Section 1057 of the NDAA for FY 2018, as amended (“Section 1057 reports”).
Some of the information provided in prior reports about U.S. military operations in 2017-2019 has been repeated in this report because the information was relevant to U.S. military operations in 2020.
This report is publicly available at Defense.gov.
As noted in Section 1 of Executive Order 13732 of July 1, 2016, United States Policy on Preand Post-Strike Measures To Address Civilian Casualties in U.S. Operations Involving the Use of Force, the protection of civilians is fundamentally consistent with the effective, efficient, and decisive use of force in pursuit of U.S. national interests. Minimizing civilian casualties can further mission objectives; help maintain the support of partner governments and vulnerable populations, especially during counterterrorism and counterinsurgency operations; and enhance the legitimacy and sustainability of U.S. operations critical to U.S. national security. As a matter of policy, U.S. forces therefore routinely conduct operations under policy standards that are more protective of civilians than is required by the law of war.
U.S. forces also protect civilians because it is the moral and ethical thing to do. Although civilian casualties are a tragic and unavoidable part of war, the U.S. military is steadfastly committed to limiting harm to civilians. This commitment is reflected in DoD’s consistent efforts to maintain and promote best practices that reduce the likelihood of civilian casualties, take appropriate steps when such casualties occur, and draw lessons from DoD operations to enhance further the protection of civilians. Section 2 of Executive Order 13732 catalogues the best practices DoD has implemented to protect civilians during armed conflict, and directs those measures be continued in present and future operations. During 2020, all operations listed below were conducted consistent with the best practices identified in Section 2 of Executive Order 13732.
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