Modernized National Statistical Systems (NSSs) are key drivers of international development. They play an important role in the optimization of data and data-related services that support policy and decision-making. While evidence on the best-practice characteristics of an NSS is abundant, guidance is often absent on how to best navigate, time, and prioritize the modernization process. This note explores the use of a simple framework to diagnose the current state of an NSS against the end goal – an Integrated National Data System (INDS). Based on three “Modernization Pivots” and corresponding Maturity Diagnostic Matrices, the diagnostic is applied to a country in East Asia & Pacific.