The importance of innovating in primary health care has increased in recent decades due to challenges such as increased life expectancy, a high burden of chronic conditions, and rising costs. Innovations are strongly influenced by national health systems, which encompass a wide variety of actors and processes. Despite the relevance of the topic, innovations are not usually documented or assessed in terms of their design, implementation, and management; (10) this limits the possibilities of sustainability and scale￾up of innovations. In addition, the lack of rigorous documentation and monitoring of primary health care innovations limits the evidence of their alignment with the underlying causes of the problems they seek to address and the design of the intervention to achieve the desired changes.One of the biggest challenges for documenting primary health care innovations is to understand its complexities and to describe whether the designed innovations are really delivering what it takes to achieve the expected changes in health care provision. These challenges can be addressed through the use of implementation science tools such as the Program Impact Pathway (PIP) framework. While the motivation of the toolbox emerges from the gaps seen in primary health care innovations, the tools presented in this module and the subsequent ones can be used for interventions in other policy arenas.