The COVID-19 pandemic caused disruptions to the implementation and delivery of STDF's projects and PPGs in several ways. While individual projects have had to manage diverse risks in the past, from natural disasters to political strife, COVID-19 was exceptional in that it affected all STDF's project operations simultaneously. In addition to the impact on project delivery, the pandemic also caused wide-ranging challenges to the overall context in which STDF projects operate in countries and regions, provoking substantial shocks to agricultural production, distribution and trade, as well as SPS management functions such as inspection and surveillance. 

From the start, the Secretariat maintained close contact with the organizations and consultants implementing STDF projects and PPGs on the implications of the crisis and proactively provided advice and guidance. Decisions were taken on an ongoing basis on how best to adapt and ensure continuity on planning, delivery and spending. Project work plans and budgets were revised. Specific adaptation measures included: training on the use 

of internet and video conferencing, adapting field activities to social distancing, advancing on desk-based activities and studies, increased use of national consultants and  hybrid arrangements, and ensure frequent and targeted communications with key stakeholders to maintain trust and commitment.In general, earlier stage grants, which had less time 

to put in place effective working relationships and processes before March 2020, faced greater challenges. Projects that relied on international experts, such as laboratory staff, to deliver specialized training took time to adapt. Similarly, projects that were built on regional approaches and cooperation required more time to accommodate new needs and demands.