Crypto-based decentralised finance (DeFi) operates under the banner of decentralisation and purports to provide financial services in a trustless environment using decentralised consensus mechanisms. Initially, the development of DeFi was self-referential, involving only cryptocurrencies and other types of cryptoassets with no connection to the real world. However, over the last few years efforts to establish this connection have been undertaken by several private companies (eg Chainlink, Chronicle, WINkLink) by importing real-world data into blockchains for use in DeFi smart contracts. These companies are sometimes known as “oracles”,1 and attempt to introduce real-world information to a decentralised setting, such as the Ethereum blockchain. As external entities, oracles are not part of the decentralised governance structure inherent in blockchain technology. In fact, many oracles have been implemented on centralised platforms (Adler et al (2018))